New England Hospital for Women and Children (first) opens.

It is founded by Dr. Marie Zakrzewska and located initially in a house on today’s Kneeland Street (then 60 Pleasant Street). Incorporated in March 1863, it is the first hospital in New England staffed entirely by women physicians, the second hospital in the nation where women doctors treat women patients, and the first in Boston to offer clinical training to women and to provide obstetrics, gynecology, and pediatrics under one roof. Zakrzewska is the first director and serves for 50 years. The hospital expands to Warrenton Street (then 14 Warren Street) in 1864,* then to a brand new facility on Codman Street in Roxbury (now Dimock Street) in 1872.* Though it closes as a hospital in 1969, it immediately reopens as the Dimock Community Health Center, today known simply as the Dimock Center.